10
Shuwaimis
581km
25km
Driving EASY, OFF-ROAD TRACKS
Best for NATURAL AND HISTORICAL WONDERS
Recommended for A FULL DAY OF SIGHTSEEING
The lava fields of Shuwaymis are rich in ancient treasures, including magnificent volcanoes, phenomenal stone structures and the fascinating UNESCO World Heritage Site of Jabal Raat and Jabal al-Manjor. Visit ancient petroglyphs and venture into historical lava tubes on this incredible journey into Saudi Arabia’s past.
Once deemed inaccessible due to the rocky volcanic terrain, established tracks now stretch through the fields of black basaltic rock, making this a straightforward route. Unlike Jubbah, the region’s other UNESCO World Heritage Site, Shuwaymis is still relatively undiscovered. Take advantage of the unspoilt beauty – you may even have the place to yourself. But be sure to obtain permission in advance if you want to visit the ancient petroglyphs. While not featured on the main route, a stop off at the at Al Haith Heritage Village is recommended.
Al Haith Heritage Village
Situated next to the more modern dwellings and bordered by an ancient city wall, this picturesque heritage village is an archaeological gem. Previously known as Fadak, Al Haith Heritage Village is one of the oldest settlements in Saudi Arabia and a recent restoration has transformed it into a tourist attraction. Surrounded by the ruins of former wells and fortresses, the site also features early Islamic inscriptions as well as rows of barbed, dead palm trees that make for some interesting photographs.
THE 40-YEAR TRIBAL WAR
To the east of the UNESCO World Heritage Site lies the Qa as Sibak plain; the location of the Dahes and the Al-Ghabra War, an infamous 40-year battle between two ancient tribes. The pre-Islamic war allegedly started over a horse race and is described as the longest and bloodiest battle in Arab history.
Shuwaymis Cave
Located at the base of the dormant volcano in Harrat Ithnayn (‘Harrat’ being the Arabic word for lava field), this incredible 530m long lava tube is the third-largest cave in Saudi Arabia. Hidden from the surface, it was created by the flow of molten lava after a volcanic eruption. Reaching the opening involves a scramble down the rocks, but once inside, the cave reaches a height of 10m. Thought to have once been used as a dwelling, there’s ample room to move around. Take note that you’ll need a torch to explore it properly.
Stone Structure
You may not realise that you’ve stumbled across something significant, but from above, this extraordinary group of volcanic rocks has been arranged to look like two human figures. Likely constructed back in the Bronze age, this intriguing stone structure is made up of a series of triangles and circles that closely resemble keyholes. There are scores of these stone structures located around the historical wall of Al Haith Heritage Village and in the wider Harrat Khaybar area, and while there has been much discussion about their purpose, some historians believe they may mark the tombs of ancient civilisations.
Jabal al-Manjor & Jabal Raat
Only re-discovered in 2001, the petroglyphs that adorn the rock faces of Jabal Raat & Jabal al-Manjor date back 10,000 years and are some of the oldest in the Arabian Peninsula. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the mountains sit in what was once a valley with flowing water. Jabal Raat is formed mainly of sub-angular boulders, featuring six clusters of predominantly Neolithic-era rock art, some of which are located many metres above the ground. Jabal al-Manor stands approximately 1.2km to the East of Jabal Raat where 190 panels of ancient petroglyphs extend for approximately 1km. Less-concentrated clusters of rock art can also be found on hills and outcrops in the surrounding area.
Meticulously carved using stone hammers, various depictions of animals can be found throughout the complex, including camels, cheetahs, hyenas and a remarkable 2m long etching of a lion, which is now referred to as ‘The Shuwaymis Lion’. There are further human-like figures, as well as hunting scenes etched into the sandstone rock. Much of the site is protected by a steel fence so make sure you arrange access with the Heritage Commission to visit this archaeological wonder.
RESEARCH YOUR TRIP
Several of these fascinating historical sites have been protected by the government and are only open at specific times. Before you head out for a visit, find out what is open, and when, to avoid disappointment.
Jabal Jitha Volcanic Craters
Close to the UNESCO World Heritage Site lies Jabil Jitha; a huge 1,322m tall volcanic mountain, situated above a basaltic lava field. Jabal Jitha soars above the rocky terrain below and its black escarpment contrasts dramatically with the surrounding sandstone outcrops. A magnificent sight, you will be able to see the ridge of the two volcanic craters that form the mountain’s peak.
DRIVING DIRECTION
Before reaching the start point, ensure you stop of at Al Haith Heritage Village and Shuwaymis Cave. The off-road tracks on this route are well established and easy to navigate. If you’re planning to see the petroglyphs at the UNESCO World Heritage Site, access will need to be organised in advance.
1 Continue on the paved road, ensuring to take one of the tracks across the historic Qa as Sibaq plain to visit a remarkable Stone Structure.
2 The paved road turns to a compacted sand and gravel track on the lead-up to Jabal al-Manjor & Jabal Raat (the UNESCO World Heritage Site).
3 Leave your vehicle outside the Visitor Centre if accessing the site or continue along the fence perimeter towards Jabal Jitha and the surrounding valleys.
4 Follow the track left past Jabal Jitha Volcanic Craters and the end of this route. If you’re looking to pitch your tent for the night, the tracks to the right lead to some ideal camping ground.
5 Either return the way you came, or head out on the tracks towards Khybar.
